Preparing for NEET is a difficult task. It contains a vast syllabus and topics and it gets very complicated and confusing for the aspirants to identify which topics are most important and on which topics they do not need to spend much of their time. In this blog, we will understand some of the most important topic which are mandatory for NEET preparation.
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- Optics
- Atomic Structure
- Newton’s laws of Motion
Optics
Like all the different types of light, the spectrum of visible light is absorbed and emitted in the form of tiny packets of energy called photons. These photons have both the properties of a wave as well as a particle.
Hence this type of property is called wave-particle duality and the study of light in the area of physics is known as Optics.
Optics is a branch of physics that deals with the determination of behaviour and the properties of light, along with its interactions with the matter and also with the instruments which are used to detect it.
Optics, in a simple manner, is used to describe the behaviour of visible light, infrared light, and ultraviolet. Imaging is done with the help of a system called an image forming an optical system.
Reflection
One of light’s fundamental properties is reflection. The reflections you notice in mirrors are all that exist. Reflection is defined as a shift in the direction of light at a boundary between two different media that causes the wavefront to reenter the original medium. Sound waves and water waves are common illustrations of how light can be reflected.
Refraction
Refraction is the term used to describe the bending of light as it moves through different media. Numerous tools, including magnifying glasses, corrective lenses, and microscopes, make use of this property of refraction. According to this property, as light travels through a medium, electrons become polarized, slowing down the speed of light and changing its direction.
Dispersion
The splitting of white light into its individual colors is a property of light. A prism can be used to visualize dispersion. Diffraction and interference are two of light’s additional characteristics. What do you see when you gaze out at the lovely scene, then? whether the light is refracted, internally reflected, diffracted, dispersed, or reflected.
Atomic Structure
The makeup of an element’s nucleus and how its electrons are arranged around it are referred to as the element’s atomic structure. Protons, electrons, and neutrons make up the bulk of the atomic structure of matter.
The atom’s nucleus, which is made up of protons and neutrons, is encircled by the atom’s own electrons. The total number of protons in an element’s nucleus is indicated by the element’s atomic number.
Neutral atoms have equal numbers of protons and electrons. However, atoms may gain or lose electrons in order to increase their stability, and the resulting charged entity is called an ion.
Because different elements’ atoms contain different numbers of protons and electrons, their atomic structures are also different. This explains why different elements have distinctive properties.
There are a number of theories on the structure of Atom:
- Dalton’s Atomic Theory
2. Thomson Atomic Model
3. Rutherford Atomin Theory
Newton’s laws of Motion
Newton’s First Law of Motion
The behavior of objects in the absence of outside influences is described by Newton’s First Law of Motion, also referred to as the Law of Inertia. The phrase “Law of Inertia” highlights the idea of inertia, which refers to a massive object’s ability to resist changes in its state of motion. This theory is based on the observation that objects will typically hold onto their current state of motion or rest, resisting any changes unless an outside force acts upon them.
Newton emphasized this innate quality of objects by designating the first law of motion as the “Law of Inertia,” and this laid the groundwork for comprehending how forces can result in changes in motion. According to Newton’s first law of motion, things stay in their current positions forever.
Newton’s Second law of Motion
We’ll look at Newton’s Second Law of Motion in this section to gain a better understanding of how bodies react to outside forces.
The relationship between the force exerted on a body and the resulting acceleration is described by the second law of motion. The force acting on an object is determined by its mass and acceleration, according to Newton’s second law.
Newton’s Second Law can be expressed mathematically as follows:
F = m *a
In this case, F stands for the applied force, m for the object’s mass, and a for the resulting acceleration. This equation demonstrates that the acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the mass of the object and directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force applied in the same direction as the force.
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
The Third Law of Motion, which describes the fascinating relationship between the forces applied by interacting bodies, will be covered in this section.
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction, according to Newton’s Third Law of Motion. When two bodies come into contact, they exert forces on one another that are equal in strength and directed in the opposite direction. This law emphasizes the idea that forces are always applied in pairs.
To illustrate this principle, consider the example of a book resting on a table. As the book applies a downward force equal to its weight on the table, the table, in turn, exerts an equal and opposite force on the book. This occurs because the book slightly deforms the table’s surface, causing the table to push back on the book, much like a compressed spring releasing its energy.
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